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Transcranial direct current stimulation in treatment of tinnitus and its psychiatric comorbidity
Mareš, Tadeáš ; Anders, Martin (advisor) ; Klírová, Monika (referee) ; Slovák, Matěj (referee)
The theoretical part of our work is divided into three chapters and provides a contemporary systematic literature review of tinnitus, neurostimulation, and selected neurostimulation methods in its therapy. The first chapter includes an overview of the history, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, theoretical development models, diagnosis, treatment methods, and comorbidities of tinnitus. The second chapter summarizes the history, principles, practical application, use, and adverse effect profile of the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The third chapter describes the use of neurostimulation methods in tinnitus therapy, especially synthesizing previous works' knowledge, comparing the protocols used, and identifying the positive influence of the intervals between individual tDCS applications on the therapeutic effects. The research part evaluates the short-term and long-term effects of tDCS on the subjective perception of tinnitus, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and quality of life measured by the use of questionnaires. It is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled clinical trial of 39 participants diagnosed with chronic, non-pulsatile tinnitus. The research protocol included six applications of bifrontal tDCS in two consecutive weeks, 48 to 72 hours apart, with a...
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Comparative study of using high power and low power lasertherapy for tinnitus.
Farská, Tereza ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Vláčilová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Comparative study of high-power and low-power laser therapy in the treatment of tinnitus Objectives: To determine the efficacy of high-power and low-power laser therapy in reducing the loudness of chronic tinnitus and improving the quality of life in patients suffering from chronic tinnitus. Additionally, to compare the effects of both types of lasers. Methods: A total of 18 subjects were included in the experiment, who underwent an otorhinolaryngological, neurological, and kinesiological examination by a physiotherapist. The TSCHQ questionnaire was used to collect data, including the scaling of tinnitus loudness. Quality of life was assessed using the THI questionnaire. To determine the effect, data obtained from the questionnaires before and after intervention were compared. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. The homogeneity of groups was compared using the Mann-Whitney test, the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the effect of the laser within one group. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate qualitative data. The level of significance was set at 5 % (α = 0.05). Results: It was found that HILT had a statistically significant positive effect on reducing the intensity of chronic tinnitus, while LLLT did not. Therefore, high-power laser is...
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Comparison of tinnitus treatment by selected therapeutic approaches.
Klíma, Jiří ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Vláčilová, Ivana (referee)
Author: Bc. Jiří Klíma Title: Comparison of tinnitus treatment with selected therapeutic approaches Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of selected therapeutic approaches in the treatment of subjective chronic tinnitus. These approaches are manual therapy, low-power laser therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy. Another aim is to determine which of these approaches is the most effective. Last but not least aim is to summarize the current knowledge about tinnitus. Methods: The thesis is processed in the form of literature review. First, the current theoretical background is described, then the objectives of the thesis and research questions are set. Then the methodology is described and the results are presented and discussed. Last but not least, the limitations of this thesis and the studies are described. Results: In total, 13 studies were found that met the criteria. Based on these studies, it appears that both manual therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy lead to a significant reduction in tinnitus severity in some patients with subjective chronic tinnitus. The results of studies investigating the effect of low-power laser therapy have been inconsistent, but most have concluded that it is also effective in reducing the severity of tinnitus in patients with...
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The influence of manual therapy of cervical spine and temporomandibular joint on tinnitus.
Sakr, Mohamad ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Vláčilová, Ivana (referee)
To assess the effectiveness of physical interventions for cervicogenic and temporomandibular joints to reduce Tinnitus. Moreover, this systematic review will assess various physical therapy and optimal tinnitus management approaches. Methodology A systematic review of potential literature was performed following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive electronic search across PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Embase, Cochrane library, and Scopus from 1991 to October 2022. I assessed the standard mean difference of intervention within and between the studies. The quality assessment of randomized and non-randomized control trials is performed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale respectively. Results Nine studies were included in this systematic review (1 cohort and 8 clinical trials). 470 patients were included overall. I used Visual analog scale (5 studies), Tinnitus handicap inventory (4 studies) and self-design questionnaires (3 studies) to describe the results. Different manual therapies were used to intervene and all of them showed statistically significant effect in improving subjective tinnitus in patients. Conclusion The results of this systematic review suggested a favorable role of manual therapy for the management of tinnitus. Prominent change in the pain...
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Vestibular Function in Cochlear Implant Patients
Matějková, Michaela ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Koutná, Sára (referee)
Hearing loss is the most common sensory impairment. More than 5 % of the world's population suffers from disabling hearing loss, which affects approximately one third of people over the age of 65. In those cases where hearing aids are not a sufficient solution to these difficulties, cochlear implantation is the standard treatment. It replaces, at least in part, the function of the hair cells that are no longer able to stimulate the primary auditory neurons. However, there are concerns about the potential risk of impaired vestibular function and the development or worsening of non-vestibular problems such as tinnitus, vertigo and orofacial disorders. Aims: To provide a theoretical summary of fundamental information on the vestibular system and cochlear implantation and to assess vestibular and non-vestibular function after cochlear implantation and the impact of any abnormalities on patients' quality of life. Methods: All of the participants underwent subjective visual vertical examination, platform posturography and completed five questionnaires - Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Facial Disability Index, Beck's Anxiety Inventory and Beck's Depression Inventory. Overall and partial results from platform posturography examinations were compared with a control group of...
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Use of animal models in the study of the mechanisms of subjective tinnitus.
Dittrichová, Jana ; Tureček, Rostislav (advisor) ; Kašík, Petr (referee)
Tinnitus, phantom hearing sensation, is one of the major audiological disorders affecting a significant proportion of the human population. However, the mechanisms underlying this condition remain unclear. Animal models represent an important tool in the investigation of the pathogenesis of hearing diseases. The present bachelor thesis reviews the most important findings on the possibilities of detecting tinnitus in laboratory animals, especially rats and mice, its neural correlates in the mammalian auditory system, as well as the risk factors that lead to its development and maintenance. It was found that the most common causes of tinnitus are sensorineural hearing loss induced by exposure of animals to excessive noise or ototoxic agents, as well as their genetic predisposition. These factors cause maladaptive changes in the central auditory pathway that are likely responsible for the chronic course of the disease. The changes found include, in particular, hyperactivity of neurons of the auditory nuclei of the brainstem and increased synchrony in the area of the primary auditory cortex. Using animal models, it was also found that a significant proportion of the observed pathophysiological changes result from attenuated GABAergic inhibition in the auditory pathway. This suggested a direction for...
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The use of physiotherapeutic means in some types of tinnitus
Housová, Barbora ; Procházka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Smékal, David (referee)
This thesis is an update of the bachelor work entitled "The application of physiotherapeutic tools for some tinnitus types". The original work was complemented with the latest findings in pathogenesis field and in therapy by physiotherapeutic tool. The fundamental of this diploma thesis is a study examining the quality of patients' lives with tinnitus. The study was based upon a research using a modified questionnaire Tinnitus Handicap Inventory by Newman's et. al. (1999). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Quality of life in patients after vestibular Schwannoma surgery
Hajná, Barbora ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Chovanec, Martin (referee)
TVestibular schwannoma is a benign tumor that arises from the Schwann cells of the vestibular nerve. Unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, facial and trigeminal dysfunction and vertigo are the most common symptoms. Surgical removal of the tumor is one of the treatment modalities of this disease. Surgical excision usually involves the complete vestibular nerve resection and there is also a risk of cochlear and facial nerve lesion. This thesis deals with changes in quality of life in patients after vestibular schwannoma sugery, which are associated with balance deficits, tinnitus and facial palsy.
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Quality of life of people with acquired hearing disability in adulthood
Vondřičková, Věra ; Hádková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hradilová, Tereza (referee)
This thesis is focuced on the quality of life of people with acquired hearing disability in the age between forty and sixty years. In the theoretical part there are outlined physical, psychic and social characteristics of persons in the age range and then there are defined the elementary concepts concerning hearing impairment, diagnostics, compensation and there is also explained concept of the quality of life. Practical part of the thesis concentrates on a analysis of the qualitative research that the author of this thesis implemented. The aim of this thesis is especially to clarify how do people with the acquired hearing disability rate their quality of life - how do they interpret this construct, which aspects do they include, and how much does the acquired hearing disability influence their subjective quality of life. For that reason interviews with some informants were implemented. The results of the qualitative research shows that the essential effect on the quality of life of the individuals has their satistaction with their family life and their occupation. Informants describes occasional problems with communication that are caused by their acquired hearing disability, however, these problems does not influence the informants' subjective feeling of well being. The analysis of the research...
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Localization of GABAB receptor in the mouse dorsal cochlear nucleus and auditory cortex under physiological and pathological conditions
Melichar, Adolf ; Králíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Malínský, Jan (referee)
GABAB receptors play an important role in regulation of neuronal excitability and stability of neural microcircuits. It is well known that dysregulation of slow GABAergic signalisation can lead to many pathological conditions (epilepsy, anxiety etc.). Current research indicates that the imbalance in the inhibitory transfer, caused by changes in the expression of GABABR in the auditory system could play an important role in the progression of tinnitus. The goal of the present thesis was to determine the distribution of the GABAB receptor and its auxiliary subunit KCTD12 in the mouse auditory cortex and the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). Furthermore, a change in GABAB receptor localization in the DCN was observed in mice exposed to an acoustic stress. The GABAB receptor was expressed across the entire auditory cortex, both on the body and on the neuronal fibres. On the contrary, KCTD12 was found only in a particular subgroup of neurons that includes VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) and cholecystokinin positive interneurons., GABABR and KCTD12 protein were found in all layers and in all studied cells types (fusiform, cartwheel and stellate) of the DCN. Acoustic trauma of the WT mice resulted in GABAB receptor internalization specifically in fusiform cells that are the main projection neurons of the...
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